New Hampshire IV Therapy Education

As a prerequisite of this course we are required to verify with Nursys that you have a current and unencumbered practical nurse license in New Hampshire or a current and unencumbered multi-state LPN license issued by a compact state. Please email support@pedagogy-inc.com and provide us your legal name on the license and license number. Upon verification of your license status as unencumbered, you may proceed with the purchase of this course by clicking "Register for Classes" button to create your account, go back to the course description page, then click the BUY NOW button.  

The New Hampshire IV Therapy Education curriculum has been designed to fulfill the New Hampshire Board of Nursing’s education components required for the Licensed Practical Nurse to practice infusion therapy. The New Hampshire Board of Nursing has delineated very specific content to be included in the LPN infusion education curriculum and specifics may be viewed in the New Hampshire BON Organizational Rules, Chapter 604.07 Curriculum. This comprehensive online education program meets the New Hampshire Board of Nursing IV Therapy requirements for LPN’s, as well as, provides an excellent refresher course for the Registered Nurse or as a primer for new RN’s.  The New Hampshire BON Organizational Rules, in Chapter 604.08 Participants, lists additional criteria for intravenous therapy course participants.  

In early 2016, the Infusion Nurses Society (INS), recognized as the global authority in infusion therapy, released the updated Infusion Therapy Standards of Practice. The INS establishes the accepted standards for infusion therapy practice for all healthcare settings, and for all healthcare clinicians providing infusion therapies and vascular access, addressing the needs of special patient populations. This online IV therapy course is based on the current best practices as defined by the Infusion Nursing Society and other governing agencies such as the CDC and FDA.

Within the course content, the participant is provided a complete set of skill check-off lists for completion of the clinical portion of the course. The competency verifications are completed by a New Hampshire licensed registered nurse preceptor or educator, when guided and supported by the LPN’s facility policies. The participant is also required to register for a 4-hour skills session with New England Vascular Access (NEVA). NEVA will provide the participant with hands-on instruction and skill competency evaluations, as required by the NHBON. The price of the course covers the didactic portion of the course, the 4-hour skills session with NEVA, and all IV supplies required.  Facilities may purchase this course for their nurses by contacting us at support@pedagogy-inc.com.

Objectives

Section 1 Objectives - New Hampshire Legalities of Infusion Therapy

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. List the 2 components required for the LVN to practice IV therapy in the state of New Hampshire. 
2. Describe delegation procedures for New Hampshire nurses.
3. Explain how the Nurse Licensure Compact impacts the nurse's provision of infusion therapy.

Section 2 Objectives - Basics of Peripheral IV Therapy; Current Standards of Practice 

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. List specific measures that will protect against malpractice.
2. Identify infusion related complications, causes and appropriate treatment.
3. Demonstrate the correct calculation of an IV flow rate.
4. Identify methods of infection control related to IV therapy.
5. List the components of accurate and complete documentation of IV procedures and complications.

Section 3 Objectives - Current Practices in the Management of Central Lines 

Upon completion of the section, participants should be able to:

1. List reasons for use and advantages of central lines.
2. List veins used for central venous device placement and proper tip position.
3. Identify the various types of central lines.
4. Identify symptoms and prevention of complications.
5. Describe assessment criteria and documentation required for patients with central venous catheters.

Section 4 Objectives - It's All About Ports

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Distinguish an implanted venous port from other types of central venous access devices.
2. Describe the procedure for accessing and de-accessing an implanted port.
3. Describe the procedure for drawing a blood specimen from a port.
4. State at least 3 potential port complications.

Section 5 Objectives - Goal: Zero Catheter Related Blood Stream Infections 

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Identify at least three negative effects of central line related bloodstream infections.
2. Identify at least two methods by which central lines become colonized.
3. Identify at least three strategies to reduce the risk of CRBSI at the time of catheter insertion.
4. Recognize the proper time intervals and procedures for dressing change, injection port change, and site observation.
5. State the recommended methods for obtaining blood cultures for CRBSI diagnosis.
6. State the recommended methods for treating CRBSI. 

Section 6 Objectives - IV Push Medications 

Upon completion of this section, the participant should be able to:  

1. Explain the difference between IV push medication administration and IV infusion medication administration .
2. Recognize potential negative effects of administering IV push medications incorrectly .
3. Demonstrate the proper procedures involved in the preparation and administration of IV push medications.

Section 7 Objectives - Prevention and Management of Intravenous Extravasation 

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Distinguish the difference between an infiltration and an extravasation.
2. Describe INS and ONS standards of practice related to vesicant administration.
3. Discuss appropriate measures to prevent an extravasation.
4. Recognize at least three classes of drug generally accepted as vesicants.
5. Discuss at least four measures used to treat extravasations.

Section 8 Objectives - Hypodermoclysis 

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Identify at least 3 factors that contribute to dehydration in the elderly.
2. Define hypodermoclysis.
3. Describe the advantages, disadvantages, indications, and contraindications of hypodermoclysis.
4. Describe the appropriate sites, solutions, volumes and rates for hypodermoclysis.
5. Describe the procedure for hypodermoclysis administration.
6. State at least 3 potential complications of hypodermoclysis.

Module 9 Objectives - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology: Antifungals 

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Identify the indications, proper administration, and side effects of available intravenous antifungal medications.
2. Explain two potential causes of antifungal resistance.

Section 10 Objectives - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology: Antivirals 

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Describe the mechanisms of viral infection in a human host.
2. Describe the use of various intravenous antiviral delivery systems.
3. Identify the indications, proper administration, and side effects of available intravenous antiviral medications. 

Section 11 Objectives - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology: ß-lactams

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Identify at least two actions that have increased the incidence of antibiotic resistance.
2. Describe the use of various intravenous antibiotic admixture containers and delivery systems.
3. Identify the classifications of intravenous beta-lactam antibiotics and medications belonging to each class.

Section 12 Objectives - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology: Glycopeptides

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Identify at least two actions that have increased the incidence of antibiotic resistance.
2. Describe the use of various intravenous antibiotic admixture containers and delivery systems.
3. Identify the classifications of intravenous glycopeptide antibiotics and medications belonging to each class.

Section 13 Objectives - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology:  Additional Classifications 

Upon completion of this section, the participant will be able to:

1. Identify at least two actions that have increased the incidence of antibiotic resistance.
2. Describe the use of various intravenous antibiotic admixture containers and delivery systems.
3. Identify the classifications of intravenous antibiotics and medications belonging to each class.

 

Curriculum

Section 1 - New Hampshire Legalities of Infusion Therapy

It is imperative that all nurses understand the rules and regulations set forth by the state that governs the nurse’s practice. Each state has rules and regulations that differ from one another, therefore it is necessary for each nurse to know the specific state(s) in which he or she practices; guidelines, rules and laws. The following information guides facilities, organizations, and all licensed nurses regarding the New Hampshire's State Board of Nursing's guidelines pertaining to infusion therapy practices. The New Hampshire State Board of Nursing, through the nurse practice act, mandates the requirements that must be followed to practice infusion therapy. This module will guide you through the New Hampshire's State Board of Nursing website, nurse practice act, scope of practice and delegation procedures that impact the provision of infusion therapies by nurses. It is always recommended that the Board’s website is checked independently as any state board can append, amend and change the rules and regulations that nurses are expected to follow. 

Chapter 1: Nursing Regulations and State Boards of Nursing

• Boards of Nursing
• Nurse Practice Acts
• Licensure

Chapter 2: New Hampshire State Board of Nursing

• Mission
• Board Meetings
• New Hampshire Board of Nursing Bulletin

Chapter 3: New Hampshire Nurse Practice Act

• Nurse Licensure Compact

Chapter 4: New Hampshire Scope of Practice

• Licensed Practical Nurse Scope of Practice
• Registered Nurse Scope of Practice
• Advanced Practice Registered Nurse Scope of Practice
• Scope of Practice Advisories

Chapter 5: Delegation

Chapter 6: New Hampshire Rules and Advisories

• Position Statements and Advisories

Section 2 - Basics of Peripheral IV Therapy; Current Standards of Practice 

This sectionhas been designed to provide basic conceptual and operational knowledge to healthcare clinicians who have had limited exposure to infusion therapy principals and practice.  As the science of infusion therapy advances and technology expands, it is imperative that all healthcare clinicians and nurses practicing infusion therapy remain current in their knowledge of infusion therapies, principles, techniques, equipment and the latest in infusion evidence-based practices. 

Chapter 7: Legal Issues

• Regulatory Agencies and Governing Bodies 
• Components of a Complete Physicians Order 
• Legal Terms and Applications in Nursing
• Protective Measures for Guarding against Malpractice Lawsuits

Chapter 8: Peripheral Anatomy and Physiology

• The Vascular System: Veins, Arteries and Bone Marrow 
• The Three Layers of the Vessels and Their Function 
• Differentiating Arteries from Veins
• Veins used in Peripheral Intravenous Therapy for Pediatrics and Adults
• Intraosseous
• Skin: Anatomy and Physiology

Chapter 9:  Psychological Needs of the IV Patient

• Age Specific Needs of Children
• Elderly Patient Needs 
• Cultural Aspects
• Patients with Sensory Deficits 
• Methods of Reducing Patient Anxiety 
• Patient Teaching/Education

Chapter 10: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

• Water: The Primary Fluid of the Body
• Hypovolemia—Dehydration: Assessment, Causes, Treatments 
• Hypervolemia—Fluid Overload: Assessment, Causes, Treatments 
• Fluid Compartments
• Electrolyte Imbalances: Assessment, Causes, Treatments

Chapter 11: pH, Osmolality, and Incompatibilities of Solutions and Medications

• pH of Intravenous Solutions and Medications
• Tonicity: Isotonic solutions, Hypotonic solutions and Hypertonic Solutions Incompatibilities

Chapter 12: Fluid Regulation

• Methods of Fluid Regulation
• Patient Considerations in Fluid Regulation
• External Factors that Affect the Rate of Flow 
• Calculation of IV flow rates

Chapter 13:  Infection Prevention and Safety Compliance

• Hand Hygiene
• Sharps Management
• Medical Waste Disposal
• Durable Medical Equipment Disinfection
• Standard Precautions
• Transmission-Based Precautions

Chapter 14: Vascular Visualization

• Trans-illuminator Technology
• Near Infrared Technology
• Ultrasound

Chapter 15: Site Selection and Device Placement

• Criteria for Peripheral Devices
• 3 Types of Peripheral Access And Criteria For Placement
• Special Considerations of The Specific Age Groups
• General Considerations of Short Peripheral Access 
• Veins to Avoid

Chapter 16:  Vascular Access Device Management

• Needleless Connectors
• Filtration
• Add-on Devices
• VAD Stabilization
• Joint Stabilization
• Site Protection
• Flushing and Locking
• Assessment, Care, and Dressing Changes
• Administration Set Changes

Chapter 17: Peripheral Complications

• Local Complications 
• Hematoma
• Infiltration
• Extravasation
• Phlebitis
• Site Infection
• Catheter Occlusion
• MARSI
• Nerves and Nerve Damage
• Compartment Syndrome
• Systemic Complications

Chapter 18: Peripheral-Procedures Guides and Videos

• Pre-insertion Procedures
• Peripheral IV Insertion
• Primary and Secondary Administration set-up
• IV Push Administration
• Catheter Discontinuation

Chapter 19: Peripheral-Assessment and Documentation

• Catheter Insertion Documentation 
• Catheter Removal Documentation
• Assessment, Monitoring and Documentation by Therapy

Chapter 20: Resources Skill Check-Off Lists

• Peripheral IV Insertion
• Medication Administration
• Large Volume Electronic Infusion Device Peripheral IV Catheter Insertion
• IV Push
• Administration of Infusate via an Ambulatory Infusion Pump

Section 3 - Current Practices in the Management of Central Lines 

This section has been designed to provide basic conceptual and operational knowledge to healthcare clinicians responsible for the care of patients with central venous access devices.  As the science of infusion therapy advances and technology expands, it is imperative that all healthcare clinicians and nurses practicing infusion therapy remain current in their knowledge of infusion therapies, principles, techniques, equipment and the latest in infusion evidence-based practices.

Chapter 21: Central Line Review

• Definition of a Central Line
• Reasons for use of a central line
• Advantages of a central line
• Overview of Central Venous Access Devices
• Lumens
• Non‐valved and valved catheters
• Non‐tunneled catheters
• Tunneled catheters
• Implanted ports
• PICC or Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter

Chapter 22: Central Venous Anatomy

• Veins used for placement of central venous access devices
• Catheter tip placement

Chapter 23: Assessment and Preparations for Central Venous Catheterization

• Considerations for selection of the device
• Preparations for central venous catheterization

Chapter 24: Vascular Access Device Management

• Needleless Connectors
• Filtration
• Add-On Devices
• CVAD Stabilization
• Site Protection
• Flushing and Locking
• Assessment, Care, and Dressing Changes
• Administration Set Changes
• Blood Sampling from a CVAD

Chapter 25: CVAD Procedure Guides and Videos

• Central venous catheter dressing change
• Needleless access device change
• Central venous catheter flushing
• Blood Sampling from a CVAD

Chapter 26: CVAD Complications

• Catheter related complications
• Systemic complications
• Insertion related complications

Chapter 27: CVAD-Discontinuation of Therapy

• Removal of devices
• Central venous access device removal procedure

Chapter 28: CVAD-Assessment and Documentation and Patient Education

• Documentation of insertions, removal, infiltration or extravasations
• Assessment, monitoring, documentation by type of therapy

Chapter 29: CVAD-Resources

• Skill Check-Off Lists
  • Accessing a Port
  • Administration of Infusate via an Ambulatory Infusion Pump 
  • Blood specimen collection from a CVAD
  • Deaccessing an Implanted Port 
  • IV Push
  • Large Volume Electronic Infusion Device 
  • Medication Administration
  • Midline or Central Line Dressing Change 
  • Needleless Connector Device Change

Section 4 - It's All About Ports

This section has been designed for nurses caring for the patient with an implanted venous port. The use of this particular type of central venous access device is different, in some ways, from the other types of central lines. Therefore, education related specifically to the implanted venous port is crucial to the safe and effective use of the device.

Chapter 30: Port-Description

• Port vs. Other Central Venous Access Devices
• Advantages and Disadvantages
• Indications

Chapter 31: Assessment and Preparations for Implanted Port

Chapter 32: Accessing a Port

• Equipment
• Needle Choice
• Procedure

Chapter 33: De-accessing a Port

Chapter 34: Drawing Blood from a Port

Chapter 35: Port Complications

• Malpositioned Catheter
• Reservoir Malposition
• Catheter Separation
• Catheter Occlusion
• Infiltration
• Extravasation
• Site Infection
• Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection (CRBSI) or Septicemia
• Skin Breakdown

Chapter 36: Port Resources- Skill Competency Checklists

• Accessing a Port
• Blood specimen collection from a CVAD
• De-accessing an Implanted Port
• Needleless Connector Device Change

Section 5 - Goal: Zero Catheter Related Blood Stream Infections 

This section has been designed to education licensed clinicians regarding the national efforts in effect to reduce the number of central venous access device related blood stream infections. The Joint Commission has addressed this issue in its National Patient Safety Goals by requiring education of all medical personnel who are involved in managing central lines, both in hospitals and long term care facilities. This education is expected to be completed on hire, annually thereafter, and when involvement in these procedures is added to an individual's job responsibilities.

Chapter 37: CRBSI-Scope of Problem

• Morbidity / Mortality
• Cost
• Surveillance

Chapter 38: CRBSI-Catheter Insertion

• Site Selection
• Sterile Technique
• Antimicrobial Impregnated Catheters

Chapter 39: CRBSI-Catheter Site Maintenance

•  Dressing
•  Needleless Connector
•  Observation

 Chapter 40: CRBSI-Medication Administration

•  Infusate
•  Administration Set
•  Flushing

Chapter 41: CRBSI-Diagnosis and Treatment

• Clinical Findings
• Cultures
• Treatment

Section 6 - IV Push Medications 

This section has been designed to provide current conceptual and operational knowledge to the licensed clinician interested in the provision of intravenous medication by the IV push route. There are a number of drugs that may or must be administered by this method. For both the RN and LPN/LVN involved in administering drugs by this route, this module contains current practices for best patient outcomes.

Chapter 42: Introduction to IV Push Medications 

• Definition 
• Indications

Chapter 43: IV Push Drugs 

• Classes
• Medications

Chapter 44: IV Push Medication Administration 

Chapter 45: IV Push - Assessment, Education, and Documentation 

• Assessment 
• Patient education
• Documentation

Chapter 46: IV Push References

Chapter 47: IV Push Resources

• Skill check-off lists

Section 7 - Prevention and Management of Intravenous Extravasation

Intravenous therapy is one of the most common nursing processes. However, administering medications and/or solutions intravenously is not without significant risk. One of these risks is extravasation, the inadvertent infusion of a vesicant into tissue rather than into the intended venous system. This complication can result in catastrophic injury and is the basis of a large number of malpractice lawsuits. To protect the nurse, the facility, other members of the healthcare team and, most of all, the patient, the nurse must be knowledgeable regarding appropriate I.V. sites, which drugs and solutions are vesicants, and the appropriate actions to take in the event of an extravasation. Extravasations cannot be eliminated in all circumstances, but appropriate care can minimize the risk, as well as the negative effects when it does occur. This instructional module has been designed to provide the relevant information needed to meet this goal.

Chapter 48: Extravasation-Introduction

• Definitions
• Scope of the Problem
• Liability
• Standards of Practice

Chapter 49: Extravasation Prevention

Chapter 50: Vesicant Lists

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Non-cytotoxic Agents

Chapter 51: Extravasation Treatments

• Antidotes
• Administration

Chapter 52: Extravasation Documentation

Chapter 53: Extravasation References

Section 8 - Hypodermoclysis 

This section has been designed to provide information regarding the use of hypodermoclysis, also known simply as clysis, to achieve rehydration in patients who might otherwise require hospitalization. Dehydration is a common occurrence, especially in the older population. Clysis is an optimal means of administering non-emergent parenteral fluids in a familiar, comfortable environment. This intervention is cost-effective, easy to administer, and safer than intravenous rehydration, but many nurses are unfamiliar with the therapy. This module will prepare the licensed clinician to provide this valuable intervention, thereby decreasing the risk of hospitalization with its associated risks and costs.

Chapter 54: Dehydration

• Scope of Problem
• Contributing Factors
• Signs and Symptoms
• Assessment

Chapter 55: Clysis Introduction

• Advantages
• Disadvantage
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Use in Terminally Ill Patients

Chapter 56: Clysis Infusion Parameters

• Sites
• Solutions
• Volume and Rate
• Hyaluronidase

Chapter 57: Clysis Administration

• Equipment
• Procedures

Chapter 58: Clysis Complications

• Systemic Complications
• Local Complications

Chapter 59: Clysis Communication and Documentation

Chapter 60: Clysis Resources

Section 9 - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology: Antifungals

This section has been designed for nurses administering and/or caring for the patient receiving intravenous antifungal agents. Until the late 1960’s few antifungal agents were available. Although new medications significantly changed the treatment of these infections, antifungal resistance has already forced an ever-increasing arsenal of drugs. In this often-changing landscape, the nurse needs a working knowledge of the antimicrobial agents available, and competency to infuse these medications in all the various administration systems in use today. This module examines the available intravenous antifungal medications.

Chapter 61: Antifungals Introduction

Chapter 62: Polyene Antifungals

• Amphotericin B deoxycholate
• AmBisome®
• Abelcet®
• Amphotec®

Chapter 63: Echinocandins

• Anidulafungin
• Caspofungin
• Micafungin

Chapter 64: Azoles

• Fluconazole
• Itraconazole
•  Voriconazole
• Isavuconazole

Chapter 65: Antifungals- Antimicrobial Stewardship

Chapter 66: Antifungal References

Section 10 - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology: Antivirals 

This section has been designed for nurses administering and/or caring for the patient receiving intravenous antiviral agents. Antiviral antibiotics have only been available for less than 70 years but antiviral resistance has already forced an ever-increasing arsenal of drugs. In this often- changing landscape, the nurse needs a working knowledge of the antimicrobial agents available, and competency to infuse these medications in all the various administration systems in use today. This module examines the available intravenous antiviral medications.

Chapter 67: Antivirals Introduction

• Mode of viral infection
• History of antiviral treatment
• Antiviral resistance
• Intravenous antiviral administration systems

Chapter 68: Acyclovir

• Indications
• Administration
• Side Effects

Chapter 69: Cidofovir

• Indications
• Administration
• Side Effects

Chapter 70: Foscarnet

• Indications
• Administration
• Side Effects

Chapter 71: Gancyclovir

• Indications
• Administration
• Side Effects

Chapter 72: Peramivir

• Indications
• Administration
• Side Effects

Chapter 73: Zidovudine

• Indications
• Administration
• Side Effects

Chapter 74: Antivirals -Antibiotic Stewardship

• Combination therapy
• New antivirals
• Adoptive Transfer of Virus-Specific T Cells

Section 11 - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology: ß-lactams

This section has been designed for nurses administering and/or caring for the patient receiving intravenous antibiotics. I.V. antibiotics have been administered for nearly a century but bacterial resistance has forced an ever-increasing arsenal of drugs. In this often- changing landscape, the nurse needs a working knowledge of the antimicrobial agents available, and competency to infuse these medications in all the various administration systems in use today. This module examines the medication family known as beta-lactam antibiotics, and the various classes of drugs within this family.

Chapter 75: ß-lactams Introduction

• Antibiotic resistance
• Intravenous antibiotic administration systems
• Clostridium difficile

Chapter 76: Penicillins 

• Penicillin G
• Nacillin
• Piperacillin
• Ampicillin
• Aztreonam – monobactam

Chapter 77: Cephalosporins

• First through fifth generation
• Indications
• Administration
• Side Effects

Chapter 78: Carbopenems

• Imipenem/Cilastatin
• Meropenem
• Ertapenem
• Dorapenem

Chapter 79: ß-lactams -Antibiotic Stewardship

• New antibiotic initiative
• Phage therapy
• Supplements

Chapter 80: ß-lactams References

Section 12 - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology: Glycopeptides

This instructional section has been designed for nurses administering and/or caring for the patient receiving intravenous antibiotics. I.V. antibiotics have been administered for nearly a century but bacterial resistance has forced an ever-increasing arsenal of drugs. In this often- changing landscape, the nurse needs a working knowledge of the antimicrobial agents available, and competency to infuse these medications in all the various administration systems in use today. This module examines the medication family known as glycopeptide antibiotics, and the various classes of drugs within this family.

Chapter 81: Glycopeptides Introduction   

• Antibiotic resistance
• Intravenous antibiotic administration systems
• Clostridium difficile

Chapter 82: Vancomycin

Chapter 83: Daptomycin

Chapter 84: Televancin

Chapter 85: Dalbavancin

Chapter 86: Oritavancin

Chapter 87: Classes Similar to Glycopeptides

• Polymixin
• Defensin-mimetic
• Macrocyclic
• Depsipeptide

Chapter 88: Glycopeptides -Antibiotic Stewardship

• New antibiotic initiative
• Phage therapy
• Supplements

Chapter 89: Glycopeptides References

Section 13 - Intravenous Antibiotics Pharmacology:  Additional Classifications 

This section has been designed for nurses administering and/or caring for the patient receiving intravenous antibiotics. I.V. antibiotics have been administered for nearly a century but bacterial resistance has forced an ever-increasing arsenal of drugs. In this often- changing landscape, the nurse needs a working knowledge of the antimicrobial agents available, and competency to infuse these medications in all the various administration systems in use today. There are numerous antimicrobial classifications; too numerous to include in one all-inclusive module. As such, Pedagogy has developed a series of modules covering intravenous antimicrobial agents. This module examines several antibiotic classifications, specifically aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, lincosamides, macrolides, oxazolidinones, streptogamins and tetracyclines. Each of these classifications contain one to three currently approved I.V. medications.

Chapter 90: Additional Classifications - Introduction

• Antibiotic resistance
• Intravenous antibiotic administration systems
• Clostridium difficile 

Chapter 91: Aminoglycosides

• Tobramycin
• Gentamycin
• Amakacin

Chapter 92: Fluoroquinolones

• Ciprofloxicin
• Moxifloxicin
• Levofloxicin

Chapter 93: Licosamides

• Lincomycin
• Clindamycin

Chapter 94: Macrolides

• Azithromycin
• Erythromycin

Chapter 95: Oxazolidinones

• Linezolid
• Tedizolid

Chapter 96: Streptogamins

• Quinupristin/dalfopristin

Chapter 97: Tetracyclines

• Doxycycline
• Tigecycline

Chapter 98: Additional Classifications - Antibiotic Stewardship

• New antibiotic initiative
• Phage therapy
• Supplements

Chapter 99: Additional Classifications - References